Table 1. Identification of Enterococcus species with a biochemical keya devised by Manero and Blanch (1999)
|
Test or characteristic |
E. asini |
E. avium |
E. casseliflavus |
E. durans |
E. faecalis |
E. faecium |
E. gallinarum |
E. hirae |
E. malodoratus |
E. mundtii |
E. pseudoavium |
E. solitarius |
E. raffinosus |
E. cecorum |
E. dispar |
E. saccharolyticus |
E. sulfureus |
E. columbae |
E. flavescens |
|
Metabolism with: |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
N-Acetylglucosamine |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
ND |
ND |
+ |
+ |
+ |
|
Adonitol |
− |
+ |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
+ |
− |
+ |
− |
d |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
|
Amygdalin |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
ND |
+ |
ND |
ND |
+ |
V |
+ |
|
l-Arabinose |
− |
+ |
+ |
− |
− |
+ |
+ |
− |
− |
+ |
− |
− |
+ |
− |
− |
− |
− |
+ |
+ |
|
d-Arabitol |
− |
+ |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
+ |
− |
− |
ND |
+ |
d |
− |
+ |
− |
V |
− |
|
l-Arabitol |
− |
d |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
+ |
− |
+ |
− |
+ |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
|
Arbutin |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
− |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
ND |
+ |
ND |
+ |
ND |
ND |
+ |
+ |
+ |
|
Cellobiose |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
ND |
+ |
ND |
ND |
+ |
+ |
+ |
|
Dextrin |
ND |
(+) |
+ |
ND |
+ |
V |
+ |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
|
Dulcitol |
− |
d |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
d |
− |
− |
ND |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
|
Erythritol |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
− |
− |
− |
|
d-Fructose |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
ND |
+ |
ND |
+ |
ND |
ND |
+ |
+ |
+ |
|
d-Fucose |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
ND |
ND |
ND |
− |
ND |
ND |
− |
− |
− |
|
l-Fucose |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
ND |
ND |
ND |
− |
ND |
ND |
− |
− |
− |
|
Galactose |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
ND |
+ |
ND |
ND |
+ |
+ |
+ |
|
Gluconate |
− |
(+) |
+ |
− |
(+) |
V |
+ |
− |
+ |
− |
ND |
+ |
ND |
d |
− |
− |
+ |
− |
+ |
|
d-Glucose |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
ND |
ND |
ND |
+ |
ND |
ND |
+ |
+ |
ND |
|
Glycerol |
− |
d |
V |
− |
+ |
d |
d |
d |
d |
d |
− |
+ |
+ |
− |
+ |
− |
− |
− |
− |
|
Glycogen |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
d |
− |
− |
(−) |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
ND |
− |
− |
− |
|
Inulin |
− |
d |
(+) |
− |
− |
− |
d |
− |
d |
d |
− |
− |
− |
+ |
− |
+ |
− |
+ |
+ |
|
2-Ketogluconate |
− |
+ |
− |
− |
V |
− |
− |
− |
+ |
− |
+ |
− |
+ |
V |
+ |
+ |
+ |
(−) |
− |
|
5-Ketogluconate |
− |
V |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
ND |
− |
ND |
V |
ND |
ND |
ND |
− |
− |
|
Lactose |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
− |
+ |
+ |
+ |
ND |
+ |
(+) |
+ |
|
d-Lyxose |
− |
+ |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
ND |
− |
ND |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
|
Maltose |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
ND |
+ |
ND |
ND |
+ |
+ |
+ |
|
Mannitol |
− |
+ |
+ |
− |
+ |
+ |
+ |
− |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
d |
− |
+ |
− |
+ |
+ |
|
d-Mannose |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
ND |
+ |
+ |
+ |
ND |
ND |
+ |
+ |
+ |
|
Melibiose |
− |
d |
+ |
d |
− |
(+) |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
− |
(−) |
+ |
+ |
d |
+ |
+ |
+ |
ND |
|
Melezitose |
− |
+ |
d |
− |
(+) |
− |
d |
− |
− |
d |
− |
+ |
+ |
d |
− |
+ |
+ |
(−) |
− |
|
Methyl-α-d-glucopyranoside |
(−) |
+ |
+ |
− |
(−) |
− |
+ |
− |
d |
− |
+ |
+ |
+ |
d |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
|
Methyl-α-d-mannopyranoside |
− |
V |
V |
− |
(−) |
− |
(−) |
− |
+ |
(+) |
ND |
− |
ND |
− |
ND |
ND |
+ |
− |
− |
|
Methyl xyloside |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
ND |
ND |
ND |
− |
ND |
ND |
ND |
− |
− |
|
d-Raffinose |
− |
− |
d |
− |
− |
d |
+ |
+ |
d |
+ |
(+) |
− |
− |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
|
Rhamnose |
+ |
+ |
(+) |
− |
v |
− |
− |
− |
+ |
+ |
− |
− |
+ |
− |
ND |
ND |
− |
(−) |
+ |
|
Ribose |
− |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
− |
+ |
+ |
+ |
ND |
+ |
+ |
− |
|
Salicin |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
|
Sorbitol |
− |
+ |
d |
− |
+ |
− |
d |
− |
d |
d |
+ |
d |
+ |
d |
− |
+ |
− |
+ |
− |
|
Sorbose |
− |
+ |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
+ |
− |
+ |
ND |
+ |
− |
− |
− |
ND |
− |
− |
|
Starch |
(+) |
− |
V |
d |
d |
d |
d |
(+) |
ND |
d |
− |
− |
V |
+ |
− |
ND |
ND |
+ |
− |
|
Sucrose |
− |
(+) |
+ |
d |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
d |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
ND |
+ |
+ |
+ |
|
d-Tagatose |
− |
+ |
− |
− |
+ |
− |
+ |
(−) |
d |
− |
− |
+ |
+ |
− |
ND |
ND |
− |
V |
− |
|
Trehalose |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
ND |
+ |
+ |
+ |
|
d-Turanose |
− |
d |
V |
− |
− |
− |
+ |
(−) |
V |
− |
ND |
+ |
ND |
− |
ND |
ND |
ND |
(−) |
− |
|
l-Xylose |
− |
d |
− |
− |
− |
− |
(−) |
− |
V |
− |
ND |
− |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
− |
ND |
− |
|
d-Xylose |
+ |
d |
+ |
− |
V |
d |
+ |
− |
V |
+ |
ND |
− |
ND |
− |
− |
− |
− |
+ |
+ |
|
Xylitol |
− |
+ |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
+ |
− |
ND |
− |
ND |
− |
− |
− |
− |
(−) |
− |
|
Growth at: |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
4°C |
ND |
− |
ND |
ND |
− |
+ |
− |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
|
10°C |
V |
d |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
(+) |
− |
− |
+ |
+ |
+ |
− |
(−) |
|
45°C |
V |
+ |
(+) |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
− |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
− |
+ |
− |
ND |
(+) |
|
50°C |
ND |
− |
− |
− |
− |
V |
− |
− |
− |
− |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
− |
− |
ND |
ND |
ND |
|
pH 9.6 |
ND |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
ND |
+ |
+ |
ND |
+ |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
|
Growth in: |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
6.5% NaCl |
− |
d |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
d |
+ |
+ |
− |
+ |
+ |
+ |
− |
ND |
|
0.1% Methylene blue milk |
ND |
− |
ND |
+ |
+ |
+ |
V |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
V |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
|
0.04% Tellurite |
ND |
− |
d |
− |
+ |
− |
d |
− |
− |
d |
− |
− |
− |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
|
0.01% Tetrazolium |
ND |
ND |
ND |
− |
+ |
− |
+ |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
|
Survival at 60°C for: |
|||||||||||||||||||
|
15 min |
ND |
+ |
ND |
ND |
+ |
+ |
(+) |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
|
30 min |
+ |
+ |
ND |
ND |
+ |
+ |
d |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
− |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
|
1 h |
ND |
(−) |
ND |
ND |
+ |
+ |
− |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
|
Gelatin liquefaction |
ND |
− |
− |
− |
d |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
ND |
ND |
ND |
− |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
|
H2S production |
ND |
d |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
ND |
+ |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
|
Alpha hemolysis |
ND |
+ |
+ |
V |
V |
d |
d |
d |
− |
− |
d |
− |
− |
d |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
− |
|
Beta hemolysis |
ND |
− |
− |
V |
V |
d |
d |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
d |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
− |
|
Lancefield group D |
+ |
+ |
+ |
(+) |
+ |
V |
+ |
V |
+ |
+ |
− |
+ |
ND |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
+ |
|
Motility |
− |
− |
+ |
− |
− |
− |
+ |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
ND |
+ |
|
Voges-Proskauer |
ND |
d |
d |
+ |
+ |
+ |
d |
+ |
d |
+ |
d |
d |
d |
d |
ND |
− |
ND |
+ |
+ |
|
Yellow pigment |
− |
− |
+ |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
+ |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
+ |
− |
+ |
|
Alkaline phosphatase |
− |
− |
ND |
− |
d |
(−) |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
− |
+ |
− |
− |
− |
+ |
− |
|
Arginine dihydrolase |
− |
− |
d |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
− |
+ |
− |
+ |
− |
− |
+ |
− |
− |
− |
+ |
|
Catalase |
− |
− |
− |